Fainting
Definition
Fainting is a sudden and brief loss
of consciousness caused by temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain.
Recovery is usually rapid and complete.
Causes
- Nervous reaction to
the pain
- Severe
emotional shock, due to fear or stress
- Exhaustion,
standing for long periods.
- Extreme
hunger
- Sudden
change in position (Postural changes)
Signs
and symptoms
- Paleness
- Complaint
of “spinning sensation” or “blacking out”
- Cold
and clammy skin
- Rapid
and shallow breathing
- Slow
and weak pulse
- If
not treated may be unconscious.
Treatment
Aim: To Improve Blood Circulation To
The Brain
If victim is sitting, prevent him
from falling and ask him to lower his head between his knees, and take deep
breaths.
If victim has fainted, lie the
victim down and elevate the lower limbs.
Check victim’s
breathing and pulse.
Open the air
vents and administer oxygen if needed.
Apply cold
compress or wet cloth to victim’s forehead and neck.
Reassure victim
whilst regaining consciousness; gradually raise him to a sitting position.
Do not give
the victim anything by mouth until full conscious.
NOTE:
Recovery from
simple fainting should be rapid. Check for injuries if the victim falls. If victim
is unable to regain consciousness or having severe weakness, dizziness or pain
after regaining consciousness, you should suspect another serious problem. Seek
urgent medical attention.